Colossal Biosciences has successfully genetically engineered three wolf pups that closely resemble extinct dire wolves. The pups, aged three to six months, have long white hair, muscular jaws, and are on track to reach a size of 140 pounds at maturity. While the project has sparked interest in bringing back lost species, independent scientists caution that the genetic modifications may only superficially resemble dire wolves and do not fully revive the species.
By studying ancient DNA from dire wolf fossils, Colossal scientists were able to identify specific traits of the extinct species. Using CRISPR, they genetically modified blood cells from a living gray wolf and transferred the material to an egg cell from a domestic dog, resulting in the birth of the genetically engineered pups. However, without the opportunity to learn from wild dire wolf parents, the pups may lack important skills for survival in the wild.
In addition to the dire wolf project, Colossal has cloned four red wolves in an effort to increase genetic diversity in the critically endangered red wolf population. The technology used may have applications for conservation of other species, but still requires sedating wild wolves for blood draws – a challenging task.
While the Interior Department has expressed support for the project, outside scientists note that bringing back extinct species may not restore their ecological functions in today’s landscapes. Despite the limitations, the project represents a new era of scientific wonder and conservation efforts.
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